In recent years, the main focus of health sector reforms in Iran is the family physician and referral system plan.Fundamental changes in the goals and strategies, has increased the necessity of the need to reform the organizational structure.This study tries to review and summarize all cases about the organizational structure of Iran and its challe

Background: the Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy provides a catheterizable submucosal tunnel between umbilicus and bladder (or neobladder).In patients with a closed bladder neck, the Mitrofanoff channel is the only way to access the bladder.We describe our case of a 17 year-old girl with a Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy and a previous surgical cl

The rise of DNA nanotechnology has driven the development of DNA-based molecular machines, which are capable of performing specific operations and FOLDING RAZOR tasks at the nanoscale.Benefitting from the programmability of DNA molecules and the predictability of DNA hybridization and strand displacement, DNA-based molecular machines can be designe

The Population explosion has led to excessive consumption and exploitation of natural resources resulting in degradation of the biophysical environment.Many agitations have gained momentum in various parts of the world to protect it from environmental degradation.Many governments have banned the usage WOMENS SOFTGOODS of plastics in their endeavor

BackgroundFor adolescents and young adults, a cancer diagnoses can magnify feelings of social isolation at an inherently vulnerable developmental stage.Prior studies have highlighted the importance of peer groups during cancer treatment.Support groups help foster connection and resilience, but patients find in-person participation difficult due to